Introduction To Sports Among Women Spectators In India Media Essay

Prologue To Sports Among Women Spectators In India Media Essay Watching sport speaks to a transcendent type of relaxation conduct in todays society. Enormous quantities of individuals go to games and consider themselves sport fans. Generally, investment in sports as an onlooker has been a male ruled movement. Ladies vary from men on different boundaries, for example, genuineness, psychographics, social boundaries, customer conduct and utilization encounters. The contrasts among people on these boundaries make it hard for advertisers to target them all together fragment. In any case, independent of the contrasts among people on different boundaries, sports products makers and games advertisers have sought after conventional male-arranged promoting strategies. However, lately because of an extreme change in social and budgetary status of ladies, there has been an expanded interest in and utilization of sports by ladies. This has made advertisers add a female-arranged concentration to their methodologies. The ongoing presentation of female observers in cricket to procedures to draw in ladies in the most recent IPL release with appealing offers shows a distinct change in the showcasing techniques of media and promoting experts. Likewise an ever increasing number of ladies are going to sports for recreational reason. With the games business going more to ladies customers, it has gotten fundamental for advertisers to explore womens utilization conduct and utilization encounters to concoct sexual orientation explicit methodologies. Thus, this examination is see how the Indian lady expends sports and the degree of inclusion or inspiration accomplished set with regards to the Indian culture. Writing Review Sports as a kind is available in everybodys life, be it as far as cooperation or viewing. Sports has the ability to move, assemble networks, to make individuals cry, snicker. In the possession of a cunning advertiser sports has a practically mysterious draw towards the objective shopper. Customarily, sports cooperation and utilization was seen to be manly or a piece of male domain. In any case, with expanding number of ladies who have discovered monetary and social freedom the space of sports is not, at this point totally a male bastion. Progressively ladies are breaking the generalizations of aloofness and are effectively devouring and taking an interest in sports. Significant steps have been made in the course of recent years in giving cooperation chances to young ladies and ladies in sports. Media perceivability has expanded for various ladies players both universally and broadly like Venus Williams, Anna Kounikova or Sania Mirza. The utilization of sports and relaxation by people is subject to a great deal of elements, for example, pervasive cultural standards, convictions and perspectives. With regards to sports and recreation, what is related with men and manliness is esteemed over what is related with ladies and gentility. Subsequently, it is critical to investigate the hidden cultural standards to comprehend the utilization designs. A post advanced methodology In a postmodern culture, the pervasive philosophy is that what is viewed as manly or ladylike will separate as the limits among manliness and womanliness proceed to obscure and the various types of sexual orientation duplicate. Exercises that expectedly pass on clear implications, for example, battle passing on manliness and elegance passing on gentility, will never again be self-evident. A postmodern vision of these classifications obscuring into one ought to free since it reduces the probability of sexual orientation being utilized as an approach to classify. With regards to sports and relaxation, this recommends sex is less inclined to impact cooperation or utilization of sports recently set apart as manly or female. Examining writing would assist us with understanding chronicled patterns of sports and recreation support by sex in different situations. Home Vs Workplace Ladies have been generally been related with exercises directed at home, for example, cultivating, sewing and cooking, because of late progressions in innovation the endeavors required for the errands have decreased monstrously yet the cutting edge society despite everything sees it as a womans work. Untalented assignments, for example, cleaning, eating, cooking, dozing, relaxation and kid raising were performed at home, Men were associated with exercises in the work environment and less associated with the ones at home. Home for men basically was a spot to recover from a hard days work. A comparative partition exists in sports and relaxation today. ( McGinnis, Chun, and McQuillan, 2003) As indicated by Hendersons audit (1990), recreation for ladies will in general comprise of exercises which is close or at home since it tends to be injected with family unit errands and on the grounds that couple of chances for relaxation exist outside the home. As per another examination by Kane, It was contended that ladies will in general characterize themselves as far as human connections, subsequently, they expend inside the setting of home and family. The intricacy increments for a vocation lady as then the recreation is subject to family situations, particularly kids. Ladies utilize home as an essential spot and means for relaxation. Also, in the event that a recreation opportunity tags along which is out of home, at that point it is kind of offered so as to not hamper family obligations. For this situation, relaxation itself can be viewed as compelling, as it strengthens sexual orientation fittingness (Shaw 1994). While apparently recreation openings surely exist for ladies outside the home, the writing recommends that relaxation for ladies is still to a great extent apparent as an auxiliary concern. Open doors for recreation exist, however just when different obligations and different concerns have been tended to first. Desires for a ladies and her job in the public arena seem to rise above the open doors outside the home. Men face a similar limitation, yet can characterize what is anticipated from them more so than ladies. Spectatorship and Leisure time It is a typical purpose of dispute that people both appreciate watching sports on TV, yet their inclinations vary, as men will in general favor increasingly serious and forceful games when contrasted with ladies. We discover confirmations of media support of the gendered utilization designs, for instance NBC situated the Olympics with storylines taking after dramas. Men have commonly ruled the utilization of composed games. Yet, the Spectator Gender Gap is diminishing with more ladies observing customarily male games, for example, Golf, football. In any case, research proposes that endeavors by ladies to expand their games utilization in a manner compromises the male territory as sports is seen as a manly space where men are permitted to bond with each other. Ladies entering this space are viewed as upsetting this setting (McGinnis, Chun, and McQuillan, 2003). Recreation is another zone where the sexual orientation hole exists, ladies by and large experience a lesser measure of spare time when contrasted with men as their piece of their extra time is commonly spent doing housework or dealing with youngsters. Men can encounter bigger squares of available time without stressing over different responsibilities. Job of the Indian Media Ladies are customarily not urged to enjoy sports. Sports are men arranged, where men play and ladies watch. It is obviously noticeable in the Indian media as well, be it movies or promotions. For example, in a commercial of Clinic Plus cleanser, a mentor of a young men cricket crew in school debilitates a young lady to play with the group by dreading, when he says, Baal kharab ho jayege (your hair will get harmed on the off chance that you will play cricket in sun). Another promotion of Tata sky highlighting Gul Panag and Aamir Khan, she has been depicted as a lady for whom sports is a disturbance. During the cricket matches and sports world cups, over and over, numerous news channels have demonstrated how ladies need to forfeit viewing their saas-bahu shows and papers likewise expound on falling TRPs of TV sequential and how these matches are a lamentation for ladies. Since in the family, their spouses, siblings and father are stuck tothe sports channel and the intensity of lawyer f or the remote control is moved to men for those couple of days when the matches are held. What's more, Some of the accepted ways of thinking related with female fans and ladies sports are investigated underneath Ladies are not intrigued by sports actuality or fiction As far as viewership, over 2.2 crore ladies viewed the 2003 World Cup in India alone. Female viewership included a surprising 46% of the all out World Cup seeing populace and TRPS for female viewership for India matches moved to a marvelous 9.8, altogether higher than the 3.9 enrolled during the Nat West Trophy last played at Lords in June 2002(ESPNSTAR, Interesting history of womens cricket in India).The Twenty20 World Cup had a solid, developing female crowd for the game and its not limited to cricket alone. There is a general 54 percent expansion in evaluations for the three tennis thousand hammers particularly as to womens viewership where the development has been noteworthy. To connect with this assorted market, most channels are building up a solid programming line-up that is a sound blend of obtained and unique substance. (The budgetary express, Cashing in on sports). Just because, a non-cricketing impressive female host Mandira Bedi was gotten as a studio grapple. The experience was something which stunned cricket perfectionists. In any case, with a blend of components for the perfectionist just as the fledgling and the fence sitters, Extraaa Innings consolidated scholarly cricket with standard amusement more than ever. This brought about an astounding half increment in normal rating of Indian matches and 37% expansion in the rating of non-India matches, connected with a record 78% of the Indian crowds in CS homes. All the more strikingly the female gross reach developed by an extraordinary 261%. Mandira Bedi turned into a big name and was soon a piece of

How to Make Sandblasted Signs :: essays papers

Instructions to Make Sandblasted Signs Procedure and Analysis Instructions to Make Sandblasted Signs. The main vital instruments you need are: basswood, or red wood, elastic concealing, shower stick, exacto blade, sand paper, paint (which a large portion of these things you can discover at your neighborhood home improvement shop). Likewise you have to know somebody in your locale who has a sandblasting machine to sandblast your sign. You will likewise require a structure for your board. (It tends to be your name, or an image of what ever you need it to be.) First thing you have to do is to get some bass or red wood. Slice the sheets to the accurate size you need by utilizing a band saw or hand saw. Additionally, utilize the accompanying strategies, for example, sticking, planing, and squaring the sheets to the specific length you need your sign to be. When you have squared your board with the square, your sign will be even on each side. The following stage will be to apply the elastic covering to your board. Presently you are prepared to put your plan on the elastic concealing. Apply the shower paste to the elastic veiling. When you have showered the paste (in a well ventilated territory) to the concealing you should hang tight for around 2 minutes for the cement to dry, and start to remove your structure you have picked. This is a very tedious assignment so it is ideal to require some investment. This is an ideal opportunity to begin cutting on your concealing. It is ideal to leave around one portion of an inch around the outside edge of the board. Utilize your exacto blade to cut the veiling. Make a point to focus your plan and that it is appropriately estimated to your board. It is significant not to make the cuts excessively little or then again the sand will detach the elastic veiling. You have to discover somebody in the network that does sandblasting. This could be at a landmark etching administration close by. They utilize an exceptional sand that is exceptionally fine to cut the wood. Sandblasters likewise utilize an air blower to shoot the air and sand out at a high pace. This procedure will cost between $2-$5 and an opportunity to finish is roughly two days. When you recover the sign from the sandblasting administration, you are prepared to

Tomber dans les Pommes French Expression Explained

Tomber dans les Pommes French Expression Explained The French articulation: Tomber dans les pommesâ (pronounced [to(n) inlet da(n) lay puhm]) intends to swoon or drop. It has an informalâ registerâ and truly makes an interpretation of to fall in the apples. You may likewise hear the variationâ partir dans les pommes (to leave in[to] the apples) Clarification The French articulation tomber dans les pommes is an adorable method of saying that somebody swooned, yet I wish I knew why/how apples are identified with a condition of unconsciousness.* This peculiar connection proceeds in the similarly casual articulation rester dans les pommes - to (proceed to) be unconscious, to stay oblivious. *According to Le Grand Robert, the plausible birthplace is George Sands à ªtre dans les pommes cuites, a play on à ªtre cuit (to be depleted) in Rey et Chantreau, yet that still doesnt disclose what apples have to do with anything. Model Nayant rien mangã © depuis in addition to de 12 heures, elle est tombã ©e dans les pommes.Not having eaten anything for over 12 hours, she dropped.

Meet D Non-Traditional Premed, Current M2 at BU

document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/58291/IV_with_Doctor_or_Bust-1.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | SpotifyIn this week’s episode, meet D of Doctor or Bust, currently a second year medical student at Boston University School of Medicine. He speaks to us about applying to med school as a non-traditional applicant, his advice for this year’s applicants nervously awaiting interviews, pre-meds looking ahead—and more. D’s experience as a non-traditional applicant (1:25) He decided to apply to med school late in the game, after preparing for PhD programs—so his activities during college weren’t geared toward a medical school application. He took time in between undergrad and med school to shore up those experiences, gain more exposure to the medical field through volunteering/shadowing, etc. Why those clinical experiences are important (3:30) It’s important to establish why you want to go to med school: it’s a long journey, and pursuing medical experiences isn’t about a checklist so much as showing you’ve thought seriously about your goals and know what you’re getting into. Addressing the challenge of waiting- waiting for MCAT scores, waiting for interview invitations, waiting for acceptance/rejection decisions so much waiting! (8:10) This can be an emotional roller coaster, but it’s the reality. Waiting for interview invitations at this time of year can be anxiety provoking, but isn’t necessarily negative. D points out that he knows several people who interviewed late and were successful. D ultimately received multiple offers. How did he decide on BU? (11:48) He received five acceptances. When it came to choosing, he focused on what he’d found most compelling before medical school: research. Research opportunities were a big attraction of both BU and Boston generally, and he’s had the chance to participate in a couple of projects already (related to cardiology and patient education/care). What was D’s most difficult adjustment as a new medical student? (14:25) The schedule and workload. Especially at the beginning, it can be overwhelming, before you learn to manage what’s important. It can also be a challenge, in a new environment, to create study networks right away. Something D wished he’d known (20:50) That early in med school, almost every student struggles with the feeling that their goal has never been farther away, and the sense that they don’t know anything. Being able to connect with other people is key to overcoming this. Making time for life outside med school (24:00) You have to schedule free time and exercise. D’s tips for applicants preparing for interviews (27:20) Your interview should back up what you provided in your application and give you a chance to take it deeper not subvert it or make the committee question the portrait you already gave them. A disconnect between the two is a big problem. Review all your written materials carefully and be ready to go deeper. Know that if you’re invited for an interview, they really want to get to know you! D’s advice for current pre-meds who are preparing for next year’s application cycle (32:00) Take the time to shore up any holes in your application (community service, etc). You also have plenty of time to write and improve your personal statement.   It will be better if you take the time to rework it. You also have time to work on lining up good letters of rec. D notes that he was very conscious that recommenders are giving their time and putting their name to their letters, so this is a process to take seriously. It’s also a good idea to save money! The application process is expensive. It’s important to apply to enough schools: better to apply to a couple more schools than to reapply. Finally, prepare family and friends for the fact that you might disappear for a while; this is an intensive process. Where to learn more about Doctor or Bust? (38:00) Relevant Links: †¢Ã‚  Doctor or Bust Blog †¢Ã‚  Doctor or Bust on Twitter †¢Ã‚  A Non-Traditional Med Applicant’s Journey to Multiple Acceptances †¢Ã‚  Insights, Advice and Experiences of a Non-Traditional Med Student Relevant shows: †¢Ã‚  Overcoming The Odds: A Story Of Med School Inspiration †¢Ã‚  Elliptical, Meet Med School: Interview with Andrea Tooley †¢Ã‚  The Doctor As Renaissance Man †¢Ã‚  Medical School Admissions 2015-2016: A Dean’s Perspective †¢Ã‚  Baylor College Of Medicine: A Holistic Approach To Admissions †¢Ã‚  Attn Med Applicants: A Class Is Matriculated Every Single Year Subscribe:

An Overview and History of Medical Geography

Medical geography, sometimes called health geography, is an area of medical research that incorporates geographic techniques into the study of health around the world and the spread of diseases. In addition, medical geography studies the impact of climate and location on an individuals health as well as the distribution of health services. Medical geography is an important field because it aims to provide an understanding of health problems and improve the health of people worldwide based on the various geographic factors influencing them. History of Medical Geography Medical geography has a long history. Since the time of the Greek doctor, Hippocrates (5th-4th centuries BCE), people have studied the effect of location on one’s health. For example, early medicine studied the differences in diseases experienced by people living at high versus low elevation. It was easily understood that those at living low elevations near waterways would be more prone to malaria than those at higher elevations or in drier, less humid areas. Though the reasons for these variations were not fully understood at the time, the study of this spatial distribution of disease is the beginnings of medical geography. This field of geography did not gain prominence until the mid-1800s though when cholera gripped London. As more and more people became ill, they believed they were becoming infected by vapors escaping the ground. John Snow, a doctor in London, believed that if he could isolate the source of the toxins infecting the population they and cholera could be contained. As part of his study, Snow plotted the distribution of deaths throughout London on a map. After examining these locations, he found a cluster of unusually high deaths near a water pump on Broad Street. He then concluded that the water coming from this pump was the reason people were becoming sick and he had authorities remove the handle to the pump. Once people then stopped drinking the water, the number of cholera deaths dramatically decreased. Snow’s use of mapping to find the source of disease is the earliest and most famous example of medical geography. Since he conducted his research, however, geographic techniques have found their place in a number of other medical applications. Another example of geography aiding medicine occurred in the early 20th Century in Colorado. There, dentists noticed that children living in certain areas had fewer cavities. After plotting these locations on a map and comparing them with chemicals found in the groundwater, they concluded that the children with fewer cavities were clustered around areas that had high levels of fluoride. From there, the use of fluoride gained prominence in dentistry. Medical Geography Today Today, medical geography has a number of applications as well. Since the spatial distribution of disease is still a large matter of importance though, mapping plays a huge role in the field. Maps are created to show historic outbreaks of things like the 1918 influenza pandemic, for example, or current issues like the index of pain or Google Flu Trends across the United States. In the pain map example, factors like climate and environment can be considered to determine why high amounts of pain cluster where they do at any given time. Other studies have also been conducted to show where the highest outbreaks of certain types of disease occur. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, for instance, uses what they call the Atlas of United States Mortality to look at a wide range of health factors across the U.S. Data ranges from the spatial distribution of people at different ages to places with the best and worst air quality. Subjects such as these are important because they have implications for the population growth of an area and the instances of health problems such as asthma and lung cancer. Local governments can then consider these factors when planning their cities and/or determining the best use of city funds. The CDC also features a website for traveler’s health. Here, people can get information about the distribution of disease in countries worldwide and learn about the different vaccines needed to travel to such places. This application of medical geography is important for reducing or even stopping the spread of the world’s diseases through travel. In addition to the United States’ CDC, the World Health Organization (WHO) also features similar health data for the world with its Global Health Atlas. Here, the public, medical professionals, researchers, and other interested persons can gather data about the distribution of the world’s diseases in an attempt to find patterns of transmission and possibly cures to some of the more deadly illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and various cancers. Obstacles in Medical Geography Although medical geography is a prominent field of study today, geographers have some obstacles to overcome when gathering data. The first problem is associated with recording a disease’s location. Since people sometimes do not always go to a doctor when ill, it can be difficult to get entirely accurate data about a disease’s location. The second problem is associated with the accurate diagnosis of disease. While the third deals with the timely reporting of a disease’s presence. Often, doctor-patient confidentiality laws can complicate the reporting of a disease. Since, data such as this needs to be as complete as possible to monitor the spread of illness effectively, the International Classification of Disease (ICD) was created to make sure that all countries use the same medical terms to classify a disease and the WHO helps monitor the global surveillance of diseases to help data get to geographers and other researchers as quickly as possible. Through the efforts of the ICD, the WHO, other organizations, and local governments, geographers are in fact able to monitor the spread of disease fairly accurately and their work, like that of Dr. John Snow’s cholera maps, is essential to reducing the spread of and understanding contagious disease. As such, medical geography has become a significant area of expertise within the discipline.

The End Of The Cold War - 930 Words

The end of the Cold War marks more than just the end of the arms race, between the Soviet Union and the United States, it also marks the weakening of communism. Communism, the greatest enemy to the west during the Cold War had to be put down at any cost, this meant supporting militaristic dictatorships that were against communism. The weakening of communism, however, ignited Global Democratic Revolutions in which the people sought to gain the power back from the government. These revolutions were mostly centered on the year 1989, and demonstrated the will of the people to stop the oppression of these dictators or communist parties. The Philippines were no different, independent organizations such as JAJA and NAMFREL rallied against the militaristic dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos. Additionally, the intervention of the church proved to be a powerful uniting tool for the revolution, in a catholic predominant society. Women played no small role, Corazon Aquino challenged Marcos politic ally, and many were involved in public rallies. As a result, the Philippines peacefully defeated the oppressive rule of Marcos and entered a state of Democratic stability. To bring about the revolution, it took the combines effort of the Aquino family, individual organizations, the church, and individual citizens. In 1983 an exiled senator Benigno Aquino returned to the Philippines in order to oppose Marcos. Sadly, Padriac Kenney wrote that Aquino was assassinated as he stepped off his planeShow MoreRelatedThe End Of Cold War2804 Words   |  12 PagesThe End of Cold War: An Analysis Cold War should be considered as one of the most important events that stirred the global political world and it should be considered as an event the end of which reshaped the socio-economic and political structure of myriads of nations across the globe. The end of the Cold War ensured the demise of the Soviet instigated communism and the rise of democracy once again. But it should be noted that just like the emergence of the Cold War the end of the Cold War was notRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe end of the cold war, is often considered as marking the dawn of a fundamentally different political environment. This change in environment, has brought about new salient questions by scholars and policy makers about the relevance of nuclear weapons in the world. In his article, ‘learning to love the bomb’ Jonathan Tepperman calls president Obama’s plan to rid the world off nuclear weapons wrong, dreamy, unrealistic and a big mistake. I foun d this article interesting as it seems rather paradoxicalRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War Essay1740 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The most important turning point in contemporary history was propitiated by the end of the Cold War, when one of the fields of the bipolar era disappeared, opening the way for a unipolar world under American imperial hegemony. The United States immediately began to use its unquestionable superiority, seeking to transfer the conflicts to the military confrontation. The apex of this policy of militarization of conflicts was in Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya (Missiroli, 2015). Although inRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War Essay4338 Words   |  18 PagesAbstract: This article discusses the end of the Cold War, covering the period from Reagan?s inauguration to the reunification of Germany, which marked the end of the last remnant in Europe of the Cold War. It looks at several factors that brought the conflict to a close: arms control, human rights issues, and ongoing conflicts in Latin America between the Soviet Union and the United States. The most important meetings and summits between the United States and the Soviet Union are discussed, includingRead MoreThe End Of The Cold War1435 Words   |  6 PagesDespite the hope for democracy and political stability in the last two decades, crises and armed conflicts remain a serious impediment to development in many countries. Moreover, if some specialists say that the end of the Cold War at the beginning of the 1990s spelled the end of conflicts created through the East-West confrontation, the following years have shown the predominance of intra-state crises, thus forcing the United Nations (UN) to review its strategies for peace and security. 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From the demand of normalizing the bilateral diplomatic ties, the U.S. detailed a four-phase roadmap in April 1991, which associated closely with resolving the Vietnam’s military involvement in the Cambodian conflict, and the U.S. prisoners of war/missing in action (POW/M IA) issue during the war in Vietnam. In 1995, the U.S. and Vietnam officially announcedRead MoreThe Wars At The End Of The Cold War1617 Words   |  7 PagesThe wars at the end of the Cold War and the beginning of the new century are entirely different from the other ones, mainly since September 11th, 2011. The nature of the strategic environment of the warfare has undergone a series of transformations because of the globalization, technology, economic relationships, and cultural changes. They influence the war and create an environment characterized as volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA). This new environment has shifted the conventional

RIP Pty Ltd Taxation Law And Practice Free Sample Solution

Question: Discuss about the Taxation Law and Practice for RIP Pty Ltd. Answer: Arthur Murray (NSW) Pty Ltd v FCT (1965) 114 CLR 314 Fact of the case states that the tax payer was engaged in the providing the lessons on dancing by accepting the fees in advance. The taxpayer used to accept the advance fees payment for the dancing lesson services to be provided in future. As per the contention of commissioner, the amount received in advance was required to be considered as income under taxation law. However, the taxpayer denied the contention of commissioner because the service of dance lesson was still due. Moreover, according to the judgment of the high court, it was contended that any amount received in advance in lieu of providing service shall qualify for income received only if the service has been released. Until the taxpayer has actually performed the service, the advance received shall not be considered as taxable income for the assessee (Grubert, 2015). Since the given situation of RIP Pty Ltd is similar to the case of Arthur Murray, with respect to the fees of funeral services received in advance, it can be co-related to it. In case the income of RIP Ptys income is derived generally, then such income shall be considered as income generated during the accounting or financial year. It would be considered as the taxable income under the taxation system. Therefore, the company should include such amount of income while determining the tax liability on income. On the contrary, if the amount received from the income of funeral and related services, it would be considered in the statement of financial position of the business and not as an income (DeBacker, Heim Tran 2015). This is because the service of funeral is rendered after the receipt of service fees. As and when such service is provided, the same shall be transferred and converted to the financial statements of the company and same shall be taxable as per section 6 ITAA 97. Easy Funeral Plan of the organization is a fixed price contract where clients make periodic payments against the funeral services to be provided in future. Under the first plan, consumers are ensured to receive deluxe service in future one the payment is done. Similarly, in case of second plan of the contract, the company used to receive the amount in part payment scheme until the death of a person occurs. Hence, it can be said that the principle of Arthur Murray applies to the accounting treatment for the amounts received in the contract plan (Ciconte et al., 2016). In case of Arthur Murray, the fees received in advance were not included in the income statement until the dancing lessons actually provided. Likewise, in case of RIP Pty Ltd, fees received under the contract shall be treated as income after the funeral services are provided by the company after the death of the client. The method of accounting for tax is on accrual basis, which means that the transactions related to the current accounting year would be considered for ascertaining the business performance and income tax liability. On the other hand, the accounting for tax can also be prepared by using the cash basis especially is the business enterprise is small or conducted by sole practitioner. In view of the decided case law of Carden, it was contented that the business organizations are required to use the method of accounting for tax that discloses the correct and fair income of the taxpayer. Hence, it can be said that the commissioner or assessee has the choice in using method of accounting for tax. Further, in case of Firstenberg vs. Federal Commissioner of Taxation, since the taxpayer was single individual to conduct the business it would be appropriate to follow cash basis for tax accounting method (Robinson, Stomberg Towery, 2015). Moreover, in case the business is large or operates using credit services, then accrual basis should be conducted for tax accounting that reveals the correct and transparent income of the taxpayer. Tax Treatment of the forfeited payment account Forfeiture of any prepaid receipts is considered as capital receipts as per the taxation ruling (TR) 1999/19 of Income Tax Assessment Tax (ITAA) 97. This ruling is relevant to the business organizations who conduct the business activities by receiving advance payments for the services to be provided in future. However, in case the future service is not taken by the clients, then the advance payment is forfeited by the organizations instead of refunding the same that is recorded by the companies in a separate forfeited payment account. In many organizations, future service contract demands advance payment, which is not subjected to the clause of forfeiture. Therefore, in case the service is not provided then receipt of such amount is considered as capital receipts (Choudhary, Koester Shevlin, 2016). In the provided situation of RIP Pty Ltd, the company conducts the business to provide the services of directing funeral activities as well as dealer of fixed contract under Easy Funeral Plan. The company provides services to the clients by receiving advance payments for the funeral services to be provided in future under the fixed contract. However, certain clients could not avail the service hence, the payment received as advance was transferred to the forfeiture account. The account of forfeiture reflected the balance of $16,200 at the end of the accounting year 30th June. According to the rulings of taxation system, the amount of $16,200 in the forfeited payment account shall be considered as capital receipts that would be valued as assessable income at year-end. As the companys fixed contract was not subjected to the forfeiture clause therefore, the waiving of services by the clients does not call for refunding the amount already paid by them. Additionally, as per the decided case of Guyv. Federal Commissioner of Taxation 96 ATC 4520; (1996) 32 ATR 590, the amount transferred to the forfeiture account by the taxpayer had been treated as capital receipts and not as revenue receipt. With respect to the nature of service and contract terms and conditions, forfeited amount is considered as a part of continuum of events and at the end of the accounting year, the total balance of the forfeited account would be treated under taxable income of the assessee (Jakstonyte Boguslauskas, 2015). Accordingly, in case of RIP Pty Ltd the balance in forfeited payment account amounted to $16,200 would be treated as assessable income at the end of the accounting year. Tax treatment for trading stock Provisions of Income Tax Assessment Act (ITAA) 97 section 70-10 states that the trading stock of the business enterprise are the materials held for sale in the ordinary course of business. A stock or material is regarded as trading stock if such material is competent for trading in as a finished or progressive work structure while operating the business activities (Dumiter et al., 2016). Considering the rules of taxation system treatment of trading stock is done in the following manner: Purchase cost of the material as trading stock can be claimed as deduction in the current income tax year, if such material is used by the assessee If the balance of stock at the end of the year exceeds the balance at the beginning of the year, the difference would be added to compute the assessable income On the contrary, if the balance at the beginning year exceeds the balance at the closing year, then the difference will be claimed as deduction The stock valuation also includes physical verification and valuation is done by considering the each stock on the basis of cost method, market value method and replacement value method by excluding Goods and Service Tax (GST). In case the assessee is eligible to claim GST credit, then only the taxpayer can exclude the tax on Goods and Service for the purpose of stock valuation (Altshuler, Shay Toder, 2015). In the given situation of RIP Pty Ltd, prepayment of $25,000 in June 2016 for the delivery to be made in August 2016 can be claimed as deduction by the taxpayer. According to the TR 93/23 if RIP Pty follows the cash basis accounting method such amount can be treated as an expense and claim as deduction. If the taxpayer applies the accrual method in accounting, the payment shall be included in the balance sheet and can be claimed as deduction in the next accounting year in which the delivery is made. Further, according the case of v St. Huberts Island Pty. Ltd. vs. FC of Taxation, (1978) 138 CLR 210 treatment of caskets and accessories would be valued at cost price. Adjustments to the companys reported profit In case of fully franked dividend received by the company $21,000 it shall be included in the assessable income of the companys net profit. Fully franked dividends are considered after the tax payment, which is required to be included in the assessable income by the receiver as per ITAA 97. In order to avoid the double taxation system the Australian Taxation system works through the imputation system which enable the shareholders to take back the taxes paid by the company. The imputation system allows the companies to distribute dividends with franked credits as taxes paid on earnings (Chang, Chen Chen, 2016). Since, the dividend received by the RIP Pty is fully franked, the company shall include such amount in determining the net profit therefore, $21,000 would be included in computation of income for the current accounting year. The company paid $57,000 in March 2016 as storage rental, which was acquired on two years lease expiring on February 2018. The payment for current tax year for four months has been recorded as expenditure in the income statement whereas rest of the amount has been capitalized. As per the provision under division 40 ITAA 97 operating lease payment are treated as expenses incurred by the taxpayer and therefore to be included in the income statement. In case there are advance payments or outstanding payments, it would be recognized in the balance sheet statement of the company (Amberger, Eberhartinger Kasper, 2016). Therefore, the accounting record by RIP Pty Ltd for storage rental expense was correct as the lease obtained by the company was operating lease hence the payment for current tax year would be recorded as expense. Similarly, amount paid related to the next accounting year should be capitalized in the current accounting year. Last case involves advance payment of Long Service Leave to the companys managing director, which means the payment to the employees as paid leave. The companies pay it if the employees serve the employment for a longer period. ITAA 97 section 83-70, subdivision 83- D states that if the leave payment made by the companies before 16 August 1978, then the amount will not be considered as assessable or exemption. In case the payment is made between the period 16 August 1978 and 17 August 1993, it will be taxed at 31.5% including the Medicare Levy 1.5% (Schneider, 2015). Therefore, the amount of $22,000 under Long Service Leave paid by RIP Pty Ltd to the managing director would be subjected to the withholding tax of 31.5%. Out of the total payment, the company is eligible to recognize the payment $15,070 as expenses and the withholding tax $6,930 would be adjusted with the amount of tax liability. Deductions available for the expenditure According to the division 43 under Taxation Ruling 97/25 of ITAA 97 deduction of expenses for capital works is based on the actual amount incurred for construction process. In case the company conducts structural improvements on earthworks or capital expenditure on land for landscaping, demolishing or clearing then such expenses shall not be allowed as deduction to the taxpayer under section 43-70 ITAA 97 (Saltzman, Eibner Enthoven, 2015). Hence, following expenses borne by RIP Pty Ltd are available for deduction in Australian Taxation System: Expenses incurred on construction as preliminary architectural designs amounted to $250,000 Cost of acquiring land in the year 2014 amounted to $1.25 million Amount $2.5 million spent for constructing new premises that was commenced on 1st September 2014 Amount expended on onsite car parking $125,000 that was commenced between the period 1st August and 30th September 2015 Reference List Altshuler, R., Shay, S. E., Toder, E. J. (2015). Lessons the United States can learn from other countries territorial systems for taxing income of multinational corporations.Available at SSRN 2557190. Amberger, H., Eberhartinger, E., Kasper, M. (2016). Tax Rate Biases in Tax Planning Decisions: Experimental Evidence.WU International Taxation Research Paper Series, (2016-29). Chang, C. W., Chen, M. C., Chen, V. Y. (2016). Are Corporate Tax Reductions Real Benefits under Imputation Systems?.European Accounting Review, 1-23. Choudhary, P., Koester, A., Shevlin, T. (2016). Measuring income tax accrual quality.Review of Accounting Studies,21(1), 89-139. Ciconte, W., Donohoe, M. P., Lisowsky, P., Mayberry, M. A. (2016). Predictable uncertainty: The relation between unrecognized tax benefits and future income tax cash outflows.Available at SSRN 2390150. DeBacker, J., Heim, B. T., Tran, A. (2015). Importing corruption culture from overseas: Evidence from corporate tax evasion in the United States.Journal of Financial Economics,117(1), 122-138. Dumiter, F., Berlingher, D., Opret, A., Todor, S. (2016). Double taxation conventions, structure and evolution of the american tax system.Journal of Legal Studies,17(31), 1-14. Grubert, H. (2015). Destination-Based Income Taxes: A Mismatch Made in Heaven.Tax L. Rev.,69, 43. Jakstonyte, G., Boguslauskas, V. (2015). Graphic model regulating the application of land site taxation deductions.Engineering Economics,21(3). Robinson, L. A., Stomberg, B., Towery, E. M. (2015). One size does not fit all: How the uniform rules of FIN 48 affect the relevance of income tax accounting.The Accounting Review,91(4), 1195-1217. Saltzman, E. A., Eibner, C., Enthoven, A. C. (2015). Improving The Affordable Care Act: An Assessment Of Policy Options For Providing Subsidies.Health affairs,34(12), 2095-2103. Schneider, P. J. (2015). Equity-Based Compensation for Partnerships: Tax Court Breaks New Ground.Journal of Financial Service Professionals,69(1), 26-32. Ball, T. (2015). International Tax Compliance Agreements and Swiss Bank Privacy Law: A Model Protecting a Principled History.Geo. Wash. Int'l L. Rev.,48, 233. Briguglio, M. (2016). Household Cooperation in Waste Management: Initial Conditions and Intervention.Journal of Economic Surveys,30(3), 497-525. Eze, N. M., Iorwuese, T. E., Abba, W. B. (2016). The Challenges and Imperative of Tax System Reform in Nigeria.International Journal of Economics and Finance,8(3), 151. Feldman, N. E., Katu k, P., Kawano, L. (2016). Taxpayer confusion: Evidence from the child tax credit.The American Economic Review,106(3), 807-835.

Public Speaking Essay Example

Public Speaking Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Public Speaking specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Public Speaking specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Public Speaking specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Introduction Impact of loss of parents on their children Life would be remarkably different if we all lost both parents simultaneously. I lost both my father and mother when I was 22 in a tragic car accident. My experience in life after the accident lasted over two years before I was fully recovered. In this period, I have made new friends, acquaintances and contacts that have proven useful later in life. In my time trying to come to terms with the reality, I have also made many decisions that have been successful. All these achievements have been made possible through persistence, friendship and hard work. Apart from academic success, the loss has contributed significantly to my increased awareness of the value of long life. Parents are a guiding and supporting factor and thus, they hold the key to either the success or failure of their children. Children develop physical and emotional bonds with their parents from birth to adulthood and the loss of one or both parents weighs heavily on the lives of the children left behind in terms of t he financial burden and the loneliness The loss of parents exposes children to new perspectives concerning their livelihood, family and sustenance. Most survivors of such losses react negatively to the new conditions where the parents are absent from their lives. I managed my situation by openly welcomed any opportunity to meet new academicians, further my knowledge and improve on what I already know. Personally, the loss has made me take on new challenges that have been entertaining as well as educative. The loss of parents is difficult in that it gives the added challenge of living without people for companionship, support and encouragement. Outline Introduction Have you ever wondered where you would be without your parents? I. Discussion on how people lived with parents before their loss II. The effect of loss of parents on personal and professional life of children III. The importance of parents in the life of an individual Transition: Give examples of how parents influence the lives of a child. Body I. Psychological, emotional and physical changes in being an orphan A. The type of life led prior to the loss of parents. B. Events leading to parents’ death and the subsequent orphan status C. Life after loss of parents Transition: My parents’ influence on my personal life II. The effect of the car accident on personal and professional life A. Personal affects that lack of parents has on me. B. Professional affects that lack of parents has on me C. My reactions to these differences in the lifestyle without parents Transition: Giving a summary on the importance of parents III. Discuss the importance of parents. A. Guides, advices and consoles you through difficult or challenging times B. Provides financial and moral support Conclusion: I. I discussed with you on how my parents died in a car accident. II. I have explained how the loss had an impact on my life. II. I will finish by discussing the significance of parents in the lives of individuals.

Free Essays on Mahatma Gandhi

Without question, Mahatma Gandhi is the quintessence of peaceful protest and humanity. He led India to independence from Great Britain and in his 79 years on this planet, he achieved so much more than he could have possibly anticipated. In his Hind Swaraj, or the Indian Home Rule written in 1909, Gandhi explains his concepts of self rule. Gandhi was a firm believer of many things. He gave up practically all of his belongings and clothes, despite coming from a rather wealthy back round. Some of his beliefs are  ¡Ã‚ §ahimsa ¡Ã‚ ¨, or non-violence, truth=god, to be fearless, chastity, character, not fighting injustice is cowardice, fight the system not the people, do not judge others, practice what you preach, and fasting. He practiced all of these beliefs and incorporated all of them in his book in which he wrote on board of a ship during his trip from England to South Africa after a mission. His writings, actions, and presence alone affected the lives of millions. Gandhi used his peaceful, anti-war attitude in a positive way. Instead of fighting violence with even harsher violence, he fought it with his mind. With protests, speeches, and sometimes clever/humorous negotiation tactics, he was somewhat of a guerilla. During the Great Salt Yatra (march) of 1930, the British denied the people of India from making salt because they were making too good of a living (in their eyes) of doing it, so the British put a ban on salt making. Gandhi led a 240 mile walk in a peaceful protest against the British parliament. During this march, there were hundreds of thousands arrested, but his point was clear. Through chastity, poverty, truth, and fearlessness, Gandhi adopted four very powerful weapons of passive resistance. This led him to campaign against the British made goods, schools, offices ¡K etc. What made Gandhi such an important figure was that people saw him give up everything material worth value in his life to have nothin... Free Essays on Mahatma Gandhi Free Essays on Mahatma Gandhi Without question, Mahatma Gandhi is the quintessence of peaceful protest and humanity. He led India to independence from Great Britain and in his 79 years on this planet, he achieved so much more than he could have possibly anticipated. In his Hind Swaraj, or the Indian Home Rule written in 1909, Gandhi explains his concepts of self rule. Gandhi was a firm believer of many things. He gave up practically all of his belongings and clothes, despite coming from a rather wealthy back round. Some of his beliefs are  ¡Ã‚ §ahimsa ¡Ã‚ ¨, or non-violence, truth=god, to be fearless, chastity, character, not fighting injustice is cowardice, fight the system not the people, do not judge others, practice what you preach, and fasting. He practiced all of these beliefs and incorporated all of them in his book in which he wrote on board of a ship during his trip from England to South Africa after a mission. His writings, actions, and presence alone affected the lives of millions. Gandhi used his peaceful, anti-war attitude in a positive way. Instead of fighting violence with even harsher violence, he fought it with his mind. With protests, speeches, and sometimes clever/humorous negotiation tactics, he was somewhat of a guerilla. During the Great Salt Yatra (march) of 1930, the British denied the people of India from making salt because they were making too good of a living (in their eyes) of doing it, so the British put a ban on salt making. Gandhi led a 240 mile walk in a peaceful protest against the British parliament. During this march, there were hundreds of thousands arrested, but his point was clear. Through chastity, poverty, truth, and fearlessness, Gandhi adopted four very powerful weapons of passive resistance. This led him to campaign against the British made goods, schools, offices ¡K etc. What made Gandhi such an important figure was that people saw him give up everything material worth value in his life to have nothin...

Organisational Behavior in Hospitality Industry Essay

Organisational Behavior in Hospitality Industry - Essay Example Therefore, it would not be wrong to assert that organisational behavior impacts employee loyalty and vice versa. The scope of this paper is to assess the positive or negative impact of organisational behavior upon employee relations and to what extent employment relations are flexible to adapt to the changing trends of service training and leadership. This paper describes a unique combination of how and why managers despite using supportive leadership vision remains unable to make effective usage of managerial control strategies to change, maintain or build a specific type of 'employee committed' culture and face challenges in the form of high turnover rate. Various factors that affect employee loyalty in the British hospitality workplaces in the context of national and private service sector patterns cannot ignore the fact that employment in service sector is subject to regulation in areas such as minimum wages, lack of pay and reward system, traditional managerial approach, gender issues etc. But beside regulations what matters, is the different economic, social, legal and political factors that create particular cultures and diverse employment systems to understand the context in which employee loyalty can be understood and measured. Despite the efforts to make employment relations in the British service industry from 'vulnerable' to 'secure', there is a difference when national service sector is compared with the private one. On one hand, employment policies and practices are responsible for conforming to the management-driven ungoverned individualism thesis which is based on cost-control, whereas on the other they reflect a more af filiated and liberal managerial approach within a customer-service attribute. It is not necessary to alienate employees, however they may trade off low pay for other compensations demonstrating enfranchised pragmatism. The employment relationship is based upon transactional, relational, and exploited recruitment. What is important in employee management is to realise that front-office or other hotel employees are different and they are subjected to a unique compelling task that trade unions face. Managers need to develop an attitude to measure their attempts in recruiting members and organise workplaces while understanding the nature of the common barriers between managers and employees. This help them to visualise what they do not share as commonly held assumptions of 'good' employment relations. This paper analyses the leadership and management style adopted in circumstances which escorts the managers to face challenges like employee shortage and lack of loyalty. The impact of Leadership on Employee Loyalty There was a time when managers used to deploy strict procedures and peer support while approaching bureaucratic managerial style. Contemporary management has no room for bureaucracy and prefer charismatic leadership, and when it comes to hospitality management, leadership does not require a simple set of traits to function but is more likely to be dependent upon a range of interacting elements that require genetically as well as culturally determined traits like attitudes towards employees, rational expectations, accent and emotions towards

The Health and Safety Laws in the USA Assignment

The Health and Safety Laws in the USA - Assignment Example Consultation Paper on Civil Liability for Unsafe Products presented by The Law Reform Commission of Hong Kong, Product Liability sub-committee (1998) under 2.10 states, â€Å"Provided the consumer has a direct contractual nexus with the seller, the consumer is entitled to damages if the other party has broken an express or implied term of the contract.† In the present case, though the assurance of Edward, â€Å"rich people from the PRC had a plan to purchase classical oil paintings from Hong Kong in the near future for resale in the PRC† was not included in the agreement, it is implied that the oil painting is of merchantable quality. According to section 11(2) of the Control of Exemption Clauses Ordnance, even the liability for breach of implied condition of merchantable quality cannot be excluded or restricted by a contract term. Edward further said that there would be a very great demand for this particular classical oil painting owned by him and thus an appreciation of at least three times in value within 6 months. Eventually, no rich people from the PRC purchased the classical oil painting. The classical oil painting in fact depreciated in value. Therefore, there is a case for liability for breach of implied condition of merchantable quality. Also, Edward has induced Fred to buy the oil painting through his assurance and forecast which could be construed as negligence in giving assurance or forecasting appreciation in the value of the oil paintings.   In addition to the implied condition of merchantable quality, the Control of Exemption Clauses Ordinance (Cap. 71) also deals with liability in tort for negligence.

Kingship Comparison of Henry V and Beowulf Essay Example for Free

Kingship Comparison of Henry V and Beowulf Essay This essay is a comparison of the kingship of King Henry V in the play â€Å"Henry V† written by William Shakespeare and Beowulf in the poem â€Å"Beowulf† translated by Seamus Heaney. The specific texts to be used for this purpose is the â€Å"Henry V† book of the Folger Shakespeare Library series and the â€Å"Beowulf† poem found in The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7th edition Volume 1, respectively. Henry the Fifth and Beowulf are ideal kings fit to become role models for the leaders of today because they have great ideas of their kingship and leadership which made them rule over each of their kingdoms with strength, courage and faith in God’s providence as their source of power. These similar qualities and characteristics make their kingship successful and fruitful. Henry the Fifth is worth emulating for he is a great and powerful king who holds his role as a king with highest regard. He manifests his ideas of kingship through his deeds throughout the play. First, he sees his kingship as a serious matter. Thus, he acts responsibly forgetting the â€Å"wildness† of his youth. This is evident in his sudden transformation from the wild Prince Hal that he was in the past to a responsible and mature King Henry V. This is what Canterbury observes and states: â€Å"The breath no sooner left his father’s body But that his wildness, mortified in him, Seem’d to die too: yea, at that very moment, Consideration, like an angel, came, And whipp’d the offending Adam out of him, Leaving his body as a paradise, To envelop and contain celestial spirits. Never was such a sudden scholar made; Never came reformation like a flood, With such a heady current, scouring faults; Nor never Hydra-headed wilfulness So soon did lose his seat, and all at once, As in this king† (Shakespeare, 13). This change in him is probably because of his desire to be respected as a ruler of his people. Indeed, he has matured over the time that he is required to stand up as a king. Second, he considers that his kingship depends on the will of the people. Hence, he consults his leaders before he makes a decision. He specifically asks information from the leaders of the church, the Bishops, about the Salic law and his rightful claim to France and if there should be a reason for him to go to war if the king of France won’t accede to his claim. He also expresses his worry about leaving the country to go to war against France. He finally decides to go to France after hearing the advice of the bishops and after listening to the insult of the Dauphin through his messenger (19-23). Third, he believes that a king should have restraint and self-control. That is why when he was insulted by the message of the Dauphin, he did not react irrationally. He showed cool-headedness with these words: â€Å"We are glad the Dauphin is so pleasant with us; His present and your pains we thank you for. When we have matched our rackets to these balls, we will in France, by God’s grace, play a set to strike his father’s crown into the hazard. † He also adds: â€Å"But tell the Dauphin, I will keep my state; Be like a king, and show my sail of greatness† (35). Moreover, he could have prevented the Dauphin’s messenger from coming out alive from England. Instead, he allowed him safe passage. If he were some other irrational king, he would have taken revenge right away. But he did not and thus, he showed his greatness as a king. He also chose his words well in sending his message to the Dauphin through his uncle Duke Exeter (75). Fourth, he assumes that a king should be brave and courageous to lead his soldiers to war. Therefore, he is not afraid to go to war even if it will cost his own life. He does not leave his soldiers on their own to fight for the country instead he goes along with them and encourages them to move on. Henry V admonishes his soldiers with these words: â€Å"But every rub is smoothed on our way. Then, forth, dear countrymen. Let us deliver Our puissance into the hand of God, Putting it straight in expedition† (65) and â€Å"We are in God’s hand, brother, not in theirs. March to the bridge† (119). Fifth, he has concern for his subordinates and his soldiers. When he was still contemplating to go to France to claim his rightful place, he thought of the women and the children who will be left behind when the men will go to war (29) especially that another country might attack their country if the king and all the men are away. He also became worried for his soldiers after he disguised as an ordinary man and talked to some of his soldiers (153). This concern is also demonstrated when he prays â€Å"O God of battles steel my soldiers’ hearts. Possess them not with fear† (155). Sixth, he knows that his kingship is not a reason for abuse. So when he and his troops have taken over the town of Harfleur, he commands his soldiers not to loot and he tells them to respect and show mercy to every citizen in that town. He charges Exeter to have mercy on the people and show fairness and justice because he wants to win the people’s loyalty and respect (99). Seventh, he understands that a king should practice impartiality. Thus, he gives punishment to anyone who violates a law of the land or his word even if the person is an old friend, and he gives rewards to anyone who deserves it. King Henry V manifests this characteristic when Lord Scroop who was very close to him, Earl of Cambridge and Sir Thomas Grey who are also old friends conspired with France to kill him. He then ordered that they be arrested for treason (59). Another instance was when he allowed the execution of Bardolph, a former companion in his younger days, for stealing a communion plate from a church (115). Eight, as a good leader he believes that a king needs to delegate work to his subordinates. This is what he did when he tells his uncle Exeter, brothers Clarence, Warwick and Gloster, and Huntington to go with the King; And take with you free power to ratify, Augment, or alter, as your wisdoms best Shall see advantageable for our dignity, Anything in or out of our demands† (219). And most of all, he believes on a greater power who is the Almighty God whom he considers as his source of power. He continually refers to God in the play. King Henry says: â€Å"But this lies all within the will of God, To whom I do appeal† (37) when he decided to go to war against France. He expresses his anxiety by saying â€Å"God’s will, I pray thee wish not one man more. By Jove, I am not covetous for gold† (163) while his soldiers are fighting in the war. At the end of the battle, he speaks to God with these words: â€Å"O God, thy arm was here, And not to us, but to Thy arm alone Ascribe we all! When, without stratagem, But in plain shock and even play of battle, Was ever known so great and little loss On one part and on th’ other? Take it, God, For it is none but thine† (199). King Henry V does not take the glory of the victory in the battle but he praises God for it. Similarly, Beowulf even before he was made a King of the Geats has the qualities of a good and great king as Henry the Fifth is and he is also worth imitating as a leader. The following are the ideas of kingship he manifested. First, Beowulf is compassionate as a leader. When he heard of Heorot’s predicament because of Grendel’s deeds, he went to Heorot to fight Grendel and freed Heorot of its miseries (lines 400-460). He has compassion towards people that is why he sacrifices even his own life to save others. Second, he uses his strength which is the gift that God has given him as a way to help people who are in need. This is the means by which he was able to defeat Grendel, Grendel’s mother and the Dragon in order to free the people who are attacked by these creatures. There are times when he is about to be defeated but because of the great strength which he believes comes from God, he is able to overcome his deadly and monstrous foes. Third, he is a brave and courageous warrior who never steps back from a challenge especially when he fights Grendel and Grendel’s mother. His bravery and courage can be seen throughout the poem. This was once again proven when as a king who is already old in age still hopes to fight the Dragon that has besieged his own land. Unfortunately, after he killed the Dragon, he also died. Fourth, he knows that a king should rule with discretion. He is even praised by Hrothgar with these words: â€Å"The Lord in his wisdom sent you those words that Beowulf is fit to be king of the Geats and they came† (lines 1840-1860). Fifth, as a leader, he has great concern and responsibility for his men. Thus, when he was about to go and fight Grendel, he asks Hrothgar to take care of his men because he might no longer come back alive with his fight against the monster. And the most important of Beowulf’s qualities as a warrior and ruler is that he looks up to God as his source of power, guidance and protection. Throughout the poem, God is praised with such words as: â€Å"in triumph and gladness. The truth is clear: Almighty God rules over mankind and always has† (line 700). Beowulf also expresses in the poem: â€Å"But the lord of Men allowed me to behold- for He often helps the unbefriended† and â€Å"If God had not helped me, the outcome would have been quick and fatal† referring to his fight with Grendel’s mother. In addition, he says: â€Å"So I praise God in his heavenly glory that I lived to behold† (line 1779). In conclusion, Henry the Fifth and Beowulf exhibit the good qualities of a great king anchored on strength, courage and faith in God’s providence. Both of them are wise, strong, brave, and devoted to God as their one and only source of power. They have very admirable traits which any king, ruler or leader in these modern days should pattern after. References â€Å"Beowulf†. Translated by Seamus Heaney. The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7th edition Volume 1. Eds. M. H. Abrams and Stephen Greenbalt. USA: W. W. Norton Co. Inc. , 1999, 29-98. Shakespeare, William. â€Å"Henry V†. The Folger Shakespeare Library. Eds. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. New York: Washington Square Press. 1995.

What is a Community? Essay -- Sociology

A community is established when more than two people share the same values and through time this personal connection evolves into a fellowship governed by rituals, traditions, and a particular form of communication that when taken together makes a group of individuals whether living in a specific geographical area or connected by ideals so distinct that their distinguishing marks allow them to stand out from among the crowd. They do not just believe in something like an organization but they need each other to survive and thrive. A good example is the Old Order Amish Mennonite community wherein the community serves as source of identity, strength and provides the reason why they should sustain the community’s way of life. It is important to understand that in order for a community to exist at least three conditions must be met: a) place; b) interest; and c) communion (Smith, p.1). There must be a territory or place where people can congregate or can be seen (Smith, p.1). The location also helps identify the community and differentiate its members from other groups. The common interests shared by the members create a tight-knit community. Some examples of interests found in communities are religion, occupation, ethnic origin and even hobbies. Aside from location and interest one of the most important components is communion. There must be a connection between the members of a particular community. Without this communion, the coming together, a profound sharing of ideas, resources etc., there can be no community but a group of individuals banded together simply because of proximity such as those living in a gated community in an upscale neighborhood but the residents do not know each other. A more technical definiti... ...rd the Amish Mennonite community exemplifies the meaning of community. The community is established and continues to develop because it is a source of identity, strength, and sustainability – the reason why they must exist and perpetuate their way of life until the end of time. Works Cited Cnaan, Ram & Carl Milofsky. Handbook of Community Movements and Local Organizations. New York: Springer Science, 2008. Schwieder, Elmer & Thomas Morain. A Peculiar People: Iowa’s Old Order Amish. Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1975. Smith, Mark. â€Å"Community.† Accessed 21 October 2010. Available from http://www.infed.org/community/community.htm Bellah ET AL., Robert. "Community, Commitment, and Individuality." Literacies: Reading, Writing, Interpretation. By Terence Brunk. Second ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 2000. 74. Print.

An Analysis of Hammurabi’s Code of Law Essay

An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind†. This was said by Gandhi many years after the fall of the Babylonian empire. Judging by the laws of the Babylonian people, there was no insightful Mahatma Gandhi to spread his thoughts on equality and forgiveness. Though they were an advanced and organized society, the Babylonians were also extremely strict, almost cruel, when it came to law making. Revenge, faith in the gods’ sense of justice, and inequality all made up a portion of the eight foot tall stone tablet that we now know as Hammurabi’s Code of Law (Horne). Hammurabi’s reign lasted from 1795 until 1750 BC (Horne). Up until Hammurabi took control, there had been no ruler to publicly establish an entire set of laws. Written in order to regulate the organization of the Babylonian society, this code, consisting of two hundred laws, begins and ends by addressing the gods. Revenge played a large role in the laws, as it was seen as the only way to truly be compensated. Almost all of the laws lack a true explanation; they were simply accepted as fair justice by the people. However, one law in particular does have a reason behind it. â€Å"If an accused man claims to be innocent, he will be thrown into the river. If the man drowns, he is proven to be guilty. However, if he makes it to the opposite bank safely, the accused man is indeed innocent (Hammurabi).† This law gives us an important insight into the lives of ancient Babylonian society. Obviously, the people had a strong sense of faith in their gods. By tossing the man into the raging river, the people are putting the accused man’s life into the hands of the gods. If the man was guilty and lying, the gods would see that tribute was paid to them, as well as to the village, in the form of death. However, if the accused was indeed innocent, the Babylonians would allow the man to safely leave the river, hence living. Not so unlike our court systems (with which you must swear on a bible before testifying), the Babylonian people had strong religious convictions that were reflected in their code of laws. Another aspect reflected in Hammurabi’s Code of Laws was the belief in revenge. To the ancient Babylonians, revenge wasn’t seen as revenge: it was seen as fair and just compensation for a committed crime. To Hammurabi’s  people, â€Å"an eye for an eye† was not just a say: it was a way of life. â€Å"If he break another man’s bone, his bone shall be broken (Hammurabi).† The same was true for putting out another man’s eye, knocking out someone’s teeth, and many other bodily injuries between two man (or woman) or the same class. Though these laws seem cruel and inhuman, they were meant to keep crime and violence at a minimum. Getting your arm hacked off was probably much more intimidating than a prison sentence to the people of Babylonia, hence the laws successfully fulfilled their duties the majority of the time. Though the laws were more often than not effective, they were by no means fair. Women were dignified and treated as equals, but all social classes were not. Ancient Babylonia had a hierarchy consisting of three main social classes: the amelu, high ranking, rich court officials, patricians, and kings, the muskinu, landless and poor, though free, and the ardu, who were the lowest class (Johns). The ardu could marry and hold property, but nonetheless they were low-ranking slaves. The laws clearly reflected these social classes. Punishments were not the same for different social classes, even if the same crime was committed. For example, if a free-born man strike the body of another free-born man or equal rank, he shall pay one gold mina. However, if a slave were to strike the body of a freed man, his ear shall be cut off. Even though the exact same crime was committed, the slave would get a harsher punishment than the free, higher-ranking man. Even in ancient Babylonia, power and money seem to have the same value as they do in the present day. Not every aspect of the Babylonian culture was perfect. The social classes were strictly divided and people were treated as fairly as their birth allowed them to be. Vengefulness was accepted and expected, as was the belief in owning slaves. However, the Babylonians, under Hammurabi’s reign, were also a very admirable culture. Women were treated as equals: they were dignified, respected, and allowed to own land and property. The most important, positive aspect of the Babylonians was certainly Hammurabi’s Code of Law. As an unchangeable, fairly indestructible written code, it not only influenced other cultures (such as the Syro-Roman and Mahommedan) later in history, but it also gave us a first hand account of what life was like in a  culture that was lost so many centuries ago. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"The Code of Hammurabi† by Richard Hineshttp://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/CODE.HTMBryant, Tamera (2005). The Life & Times of Hammurabi. Bear: Mitchell Lane Publishers. Mieroop, Marc (2004). King Hammurabi of Babylon: a Biography. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.

The History Of The American Flag - 1557 Words

The History of The American Flag In this paper I am going to talk about the history of the American Flag and what makes it uniquely American. There are many reasons why the flag is uniquely American, one being that it is the American Flag. I am going to cover a lot of important facts about the flags history all the way to the present day flag. Ill cover the process of creating the flag and much more. The flag of the United States of American, also known as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. The flag consists of thirteen equal stripes, starting with red and alternating with white. In the upper left corner the flag has a blue rectangle with fifty small, white, five-point stars. The stars are arranged in nine†¦show more content†¦While it is true that Ross sewed many American flags throughout her life, there is no evidence to support the claims of her descendant’s that she did in fact create the first American Flag at the request of George Washington. In 1794, the Flag Act authorized a new 15-star and 15-stripe flag. This went into effect on May 1st, 1795, and the Star Spangled Banner became the new official flag of the United States. The two additional stars and stripes were added to the original design in order to represent the admission of Vermont in 1791 and Kentucky in 1792. This edition of the American Flag is known as the Star Spangled Banner because it was the actual flag that flew over Fort McHenry and served as the inspiration for Francis Scott Key’s song that would become the national anthem, â€Å"Star Spangled Banner†, of The United States of America. The Act of April 4th, 1818 presented a new policy that provided for a constant of 13 stripes on all American Flags and one star for each state. The act stated that the flag would be officially modified on the 4th of July following the admission of each new state. This edition of the flag added five new stars for the admission of the new states including: Tennessee (1796), Ohio (1803), Louisiana (1812), Indiana (1816), and Mississippi (1817). The1819 flag had 21 stars and 13 stripes. A star was added for the state of Illinois, which was admitted to the United States of American on